Topic of the day:-“The heat is on: protection during summer”
Local administrations must draw up plans to address heat stress and possible water scarcity
A forecast of a below average monsoon in 2019, after last year’s erratic rainfall that flooded Kerala and crippled agriculture in eastern and western States, is a cause for worry. If the assessment from one agency, Skymet, is any indication, there is a prospect of an El Niño, often associated with drought conditions, taking hold. This must, of course, be considered along with other factors that seem to weaken the El Niño link, such as a dipole weather phenomenon in the Indian Ocean. Should the monsoon, which normally sets in between June 1 and July 15 across the country, turn out to be deficient, it will add to the pressures on rural employment and the economy as a whole. Things may become clearer when the India Meteorological Department also issues its forecast, although error margins and the erratic nature of rainfall in different regions render the exercise fraught with uncertainty. Last year, for instance, the realisation of rainfall was 91% of the long-term average, while the prediction was for 97%. More immediately, India will go to the polls in the peak of summer after an intensive campaign. It is the responsibility of State administrations to prepare for the likelihood of a heat spike, particularly during April and May, to prevent loss of life and extreme distress to communities. Official agencies and NGOs should start adopting the drill on this, using the template drawn up by the National Disaster Management Authority.
The key elements of protection in a heat wave are avoiding exposure during the hottest part of the day around noon, especially in the case of senior citizens, staying adequately hydrated, wearing suitable clothing including headgear, and creating shade in public places. These messages and weather alerts can be disseminated through television, mobile phone messaging and social media platforms. Urban local bodies in particular have a responsibility to care for the large number of vulnerable city dwellers. Yet, few cities have drawn up proper heat action plans to respond to extreme weather or made them public. During the current year, there is apprehension that the focus of administrators will mainly be on the conduct of the elections, relegating the public health risk of heat waves to the backburner. With the availability of advance weather alerts, there is no reason why local bodies cannot institute remedial measures. Mitigating the effect of heat waves is vital to ensuring a high turnout in the elections by making it safe for voters. India is looking at another uncertain monsoon, bringing into sharp relief the neglected potential of decentralised water-harvesting. It is more than a decade since the National Commission on Farmers suggested the wider adoption of both rainwater harvesting and aquifer recharge, in order to provide irrigation for small farmers. It is time to take measures that will help communities achieve resilience.
MEANINGS AND WORDS
1) emerged
Meaning : move out of or away from something and become visible.
Tamil Meaning : வெளிப்பட்டது
Synonyms : appear
Antonyms : abandon
Example : “black ravens emerged from the fog”
2) instability
Meaning : the state of being unstable; lack of stability.
Tamil Meaning : ஸ்திரமின்மை
Synonyms : insecurity
Antonyms : calm
Example : “political and economic instability”
3) Mitigating
Meaning : having the effect of making something bad less severe, serious, or painful(adj)
Tamil Meaning : தணிப்பதற்கான
Synonyms : alleviate
Antonyms : aggravate
Example : “it should have a mitigating effect on the frequency of minor flooding events”
4) competing
Meaning : striving against one another to gain or win something(adj)
Synonyms : contest
Antonyms : agree
Example : “competing political ideologies”
5) nimble
Meaning : quick and light in movement or action; agile(adj).
Tamil Meaning : வேகமான
Synonyms : adept
Antonyms : clumsy
Example : “with a deft motion of her nimble fingers”
6) retain
Meaning : continue to have (something); keep possession of(v).
Tamil Meaning : தக்கவைத்து
Synonyms : contain
Antonyms : disperse
Example : “Labour retained the seat”
7) pace
Meaning : a single step taken when walking or running(n).
Synonyms : gait
Example : “Kirov stepped back a pace”
8) ensure
Meaning : make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.
Tamil Meaning : உறுதி
Synonyms : insure
Antonyms : endanger
Example : “the client must ensure that accurate records are kept”
9) reforms
Meaning : make changes in (something, especially an institution or practice) in order to improve it(v).
Tamil Meaning :
Synonyms : improve
Antonyms : destroy
Example : “the Bill will reform the tax system”
10) deficit
Meaning : an excess of expenditure or liabilities over income or assets in a given period(n).
Synonyms : shortfall
Antonyms : adequacy
Example : “an annual operating deficit”
11) disruptive
Meaning : causing or tending to cause disruption(adj).
Tamil Meaning : சீர்குலைக்கும்
Synonyms : troublesome
Antonyms : disciplined
Example : “disruptive pupils”
12) erratic
Meaning : not even or regular in pattern or movement; unpredictable(adj).
Tamil Meaning : ஒழுங்கற்ற
Synonyms : arbitrary
Antonyms : normal
Example : “her breathing was erratic”
13) crippled
Meaning : (of a machine) severely damaged.
Synonyms : deformed
Antonyms : fixed
Example : “the pilot displayed skill and nerve in landing the crippled plane”
14) render
Meaning : provide or give (a service, help, etc.)(v).
Tamil Meaning : வழங்க
Synonyms : provide
Antonyms : withhold
Example : “money serves as a reward for services rendered“
15) fraught
Meaning : (of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable)(adj).
Synonyms : charged
Antonyms : empty
Example : “marketing any new product is fraught with danger”
16) intensive
Meaning : concentrated on a single subject or into a short time; very thorough or vigorous(adj).
Synonyms : accelerated
Antonyms : superficial
Example : “she undertook an intensive Arabic course”
17) resilience
Meaning : the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.
Synonyms : flexibility
Example : “the often remarkable resilience of so many British institutions”
18) headgear
Meaning : hats, helmets, and other items worn on the head.
Synonyms : capote
Example : “protective headgear”
19) vulnerable
Meaning : exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally.
Synonyms : exposed
Antonyms : protected
Example : “we were in a vulnerable position”
20) relegating
Meaning : assign an inferior rank or position to(v).
Tamil Meaning : புறக்கணி
Synonyms : entrust
Antonyms : deny
Example : “they aim to prevent women from being relegated to a secondary role”
