SOURCES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION

August 10, 2023

S.No	Countries	Borrowed Features of Indian Constitution
1.	Australia	Concurrent list Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse Joint-sitting of the two Houses of Parliament
2.	Canada	Federation with a strong Centre Vesting of residuary powers in the Centre Appointment of state governors by the Centre Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
3.	Ireland	Directive Principles of State Policy Nomination of members to Rajya Sabha Method of election of the president
4.	Japan	Procedure Established by law
5.	Soviet Union (USSR) (now, Russia)	Fundamental duties Ideals of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble
6.	UK	Parliamentary government Rule of Law Legislative procedure Single Citizenship Cabinet system Prerogative writs Parliamentary privileges Bicameralism
7.	US	Fundamental rights Independence of judiciary Judicial review Impeachment of the president Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges Post of vice-president
8.	Germany (Weimar)	Suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergency
9.	South Africa	Procedure for amendment in the Indian Constitution Election of members of Rajya Sabha
10.	France	Republic Ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in the Preamble