Topic Of The Day:-“Monsoon’s Here“
The arrival of the monsoon along India’s shores on May 30, with a meteorological forecast for rainfall that would almost match the normal average of 89 cm, is cause for cheer. It appears that the official forecaster, the India Meteorological Department (IMD), is less apprehensive now about the negative impact of a late-onset El Nino phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean, since it expects a favourable swing in Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures to act as a counter. This year’s summer monsoon rainfall will be studied closely for more than one reason. The IMD is using an improved dynamic forecasting model that relies on high-grade computing after several years of of-the-mark predictions, and its accuracy will be tested. In the area of agricultural productivity, a second consecutive year of normal rainfall will improve the prospects of higher output from the 60% of farmland that is without irrigation facility. Combined with the benefit of low oil prices, and thus low inflation, this could spur rural prosperity. Giving rural residents a better deal is imperative. Even with ongoing urbanisation, there is a need to improve the socio-economic infrastructure in villages, starting with health, education and housing. It is also important to relieve a significant section of rural residents from debt. The All-India Debt and Investment Survey, conducted by the National Sample Survey Office in the 70th round during January-December 2013, showed that 31.44% of rural households were in debt. There will also be variations. Indications are that Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Goa and parts of Tamil Nadu may get less than average rainfall this year, while Kerala, Karnataka and the Western Ghats region could get more than the normal. Preparing for rainfall variations between years and among geographic regions should be a policy goal, but this has not received the needed attention. The long-term neglect is reflected in the lack of irrigation facility for more than half of all productive land. A good year is a time to prepare for the future, and if 2017 concludes with a bountiful monsoon and harvest as expected, the Centre and the States should focus on creating the infrastructure that will build resilience against droughts. State governments need to prepare cities and towns for the monsoon on a continuous basis. Clearing of urban waterways and creation of new reservoirs are absolute necessities, since flooding has assumed crippling proportions on the one hand, while municipal supply of drinking water is unable to meet new demand from expansion of housing. Unchecked pollution is making a lot of naturally harvested water unproductive, with poor management of solid waste in cities turning lakes into cesspools. A good monsoon is described by economists as a four-month-long swing factor for the national economy, more so because it generates millions of direct farm jobs. That should make it a central policy concern, with efforts made to tap every drop.
MEANINGS AND WORDS
1) Apprehensive
Meaning: Feeling worried about something that you are going to do or that is going to happen.
Example: I’m very apprehensive about tomorrow’s meeting.
Synonyms: Worried, Tense
Antonyms: Confident
2) Prospects
Meaning: The idea of something that will or might happen in the future.
Example: I’m very excited at the prospect of seeing her again.
Meaning: A good view of a large land area or of a city.
Example: From the restaurant there was a marvellous prospect of/over the valley and the mountains beyond.
Synonyms: Hope, Expectation
3) Imperative
Meaning: Of vital importance; crucial.
Example: “Immediate action was imperative.”
Synonyms: Essential, Critical
Antonyms: Unimportant, Optional
4) Bountiful
Meaning: Large in amount; Generous in giving to others.
Example: We found a bountiful supply of coconuts on the island.
Synonyms: Abundant, Plentiful
Antonyms: Meagre
5) Resilience
Meaning: Able to quickly return to a previous good condition.
Example: This rubber ball is very resilient and immediately springs back into shape.
Synonyms: Flexibility, Pliability
Antonyms: Weakness, Rigidity
6) Exuding
Meaning: If you exude love, confidence, pain, etc., you show that you have a lot of that feeling.
Example: She just exudes confidence.
Synonyms: Release, Discharge
Antonyms: Absorb
7) Buzz
Meaning: To press a buzzer in order to get someone’s attention.
Example: I buzzed him but there was no answer.
Synonyms: Hum, Murmur
8) Speculation
Meaning: The activity of guessing possible answers to a question without having enough information to be certain.
Example: Speculation about his future plans is rife.
Synonyms: Conjecture, Guess
9) Imminent
Meaning: Coming or likely to happen very soon.
Example: A strike is imminent.
Synonyms: Close, Near
Antonyms: Remote
10) Incumbent
Meaning: Officially having the named position.
Example: The incumbent president faces problems which began many years before he took office.
Synonyms: Mandatory, Necessary
Antonyms: Optional
11) Scramble
Meaning: To move or climb quickly but with difficulty, often using your hands to help you.
Example: She scrambled up the steep hillside and over the rocks.
Synonyms: Climb, Crawl
12) Overbearing
Meaning: Too confident and too determined to tell other people what to do, in a way that is unpleasant.
Example: Milligan had a pompous, overbearing father.
Synonyms: Autocratic, Tyrannical
Antonyms: Humble
13) Testament
Meaning: Proof.
Example: The detail of her wildlife paintings is (a) testament to (= proof of) her powers of observation.
Meaning: A will that someone makes, saying what should be done with their money and property after they die.
Example: This article will give clear instructions for making a last will and testament.
Synonyms: Witness, Evidence
14) Unenviable
Meaning: An unenviable duty or necessary action is unpleasant or difficult.
Example: I had the unenviable task of cleaning up after the party.
Synonyms: Difficult, Disagreeable
Antonyms: Enviable, Desirable
15) Pound of flesh
Meaning: Something that you have the right to receive but is unreasonable to demand from someone.
Example: Despite the sport demanding its pound of flesh, financially and physically, he managed to pull his weight for four full years.
